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Polynucleotides (PNs) are a class of naturally-occurring biomolecule produced by cells of the body that drive growth and maintenance. Recently, they have started to be extracted for dermatological use, usually from cell’s of salmon owing to their purity and similarity to human DNA, and have shown promise as an alternative regenerative treatment for reducing effects of ageing and dullness in the skin.
Of course with the salmon population being under threat from overfishing, it is important that if there is indeed some therapeutic value of using salmon DNA for skin health, that we can sustainably reproduce these molecules synthetically (or in the lab).
What we know:
Administration of salmon-derived PNs (e.g., polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN)) is able to promote wound and skin healing, alongside promoting anti-inflammatory, anti-melanogenic, and anti-ageing effects - alongside promoting collagen synthesis, tissue regeneration and skin biorevitalization (Khan et al., 2022) to reduce effects of conditions like hyperpigmentation and ageing.
Salmon-derived PNs can inhibit the action of collagen- and elastin-degrading enzymes to improve skin elasticity and integrity; they can undo UV-induced DNA damage to skin promoting skin cell repair and growth, alongside promoting increased vascularisation of skin, enabling more oxygen and nutrients to be delivered to tissue for faster regeneration (Khan et al., 2022).
One study comparing effectiveness of joint hyaluronic acid(HA)-PN and a HA treatment found the former to have greater effect on skin volume, elasticity and regeneration, with addition of PN going on to promote greater type 1 collagen synthesis in human fibroblasts and induce further fibroblast growth for skin rejuvenation and wound healing (Kim et al., 2020).
Using PNs to improve skin parameters like wound healing, tissue regeneration, and inflammation could be used to support the integrity and function of the skin microbiome by restoring balance and diversity to the communities observed in cases like psoriasis characterised by inflammatory skin lesions, and in doing so prevent colonisation by pathogenic species like Staphylococcus, while creating space for beneficial microbes that supplement these treatments (Hsu et al., 2020).
Industry impact & potential:
Certain companies have adopted a PN-driven approach to treating the skin, with DERMALINE addressing concerns like ageing with their novel line of cosmetic products containing these molecules. Stayve’s Salmon DNA Gold Booster Serum also contains salmon-derived PNs.
Our solution:
Our invivo Gold Standard Testing platform allows us to test the effects of salmon PN containing ingredients on the physical properties of the skin, alongside examining any beneficial effects it might have on the skin microbiome, a key modulator of skin health and ageing.
References:
Hsu, Daniel & Fung, Maxwell & Chen, Hung-Lin. (2020). Role of skin and gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, an inflammatory skin disease. Medicine in Microecology. 4. 100016. 10.1016/j.medmic.2020.100016.
Khan, A., Wang, G., Zhou, F., Gong, L., Zhang, J., Qi, L., & Cui, H. (2023). Polydeoxyribonucleotide: A promising skin anti-aging agent, Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Volume 4, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 187-193, ISSN 2096-6911,
Kim JH, Kwon TR, Lee SE, Jang YN, Han HS, Mun SK, Kim BJ. Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Novel Hyaluronic Acid-Polynucleotide Complex Dermal Filler. Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 20;10(1):5127. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61952-w. PMID: 32198443; PMCID: PMC7083941.
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