.png)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterised by memory loss, changes in personality and behaviour and affecting 32% of individuals aged 80 and older. Recent research has uncovered a characteristic "oral microbiome stamp" in AD patients, prompting inquiries into oral microbiota diversity and the consequences thereof.
What We Know:
Research has delved into the connection between gut microbiome dysbiosis and neurological disorders and this reciprocal relationship is believed to extend to the oral microbiota and various systemic diseases like AD (Maitre et al., 2021).
Specifically, a potential link between changes in the oral microbiome, periodontal disease and the onset of cognitive decline and AD has been proposed (Issilbayeva et al., 2024).
Epidemiological correlations between AD and periodontitis are of interest, as several researchers have proposed that the link between the two may stem from heightened systemic inflammation associated with the proliferation of periodontal pathogens. These pathogens may potentially contribute to AD development by playing a role in vascular disease progression (Maitre et al., 2021).
Additional research has also demonstrated the potential of the oral microbiome to invoke neuroinflammation (Issilbayeva et al., 2024).
Industry Impact and Potential:
The oral microbiome of AD shows higher microbial diversity, with increased levels of Firmicutes and decreased levels of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria compared to control samples (Issilbayeva et al., 2024).
An additional study looking at salivary samples representative of the oral microbiome in AD patients found that these contained increased levels of Moraxella, Leptotrichia and Sphaerochaeta, as well as decreased Rothia (Liu et al., 2019).
Another study demonstrated a specific imbalance in the oral microbiome of AD patients, characterised by the presence of certain periodontal bacteria, such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. denticola and F. nucleatum which researchers propose constitute a characteristic “stamp” of AD (Maitre et al., 2021).
However, delving into the full spectrum of the oral microbiome's composition in individuals with AD necessitates further exploration (Issilbayeva et al., 2024).
The current findings underscore the significance of maintaining a healthy oral microbiome. Therefore, it is crucial to use oral hygiene products and adopt practices that safeguard and enhance oral microbial balance, fostering advancements in such product developments.
Our Solution:
Sequential specialises in analysing the oral microbiome, along with skin, scalp, and vulvar microbiomes, and leads the industry in developing microbiome-friendly products. Our team of experts is poised to help your company formulate innovative substances that promote a healthy oral microbiome and enhance microbiota diversity among consumers.
References:
Issilbayeva, A., Kaiyrlykyzy, A., Vinogradova, E., Jarmukhanov, Z., Kozhakhmetov, S., Kassenova, A., Nurgaziyev, M., Mukhanbetzhanov, N., Alzhanova, D., Zholdasbekova, G., Askarova, S. & Kushugulova, A.R. (2024) Oral Microbiome Stamp in Alzheimer’s Disease. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland). 13 (3), 195. doi:10.3390/pathogens13030195.
Liu, X.-X., Jiao, B., Liao, X.-X., Guo, L.-N., Yuan, Z.-H., Wang, X., Xiao, X.-W., Zhang, X.-Y., Tang, B.-S. & Shen, L. (2019) Analysis of Salivary Microbiome in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 72 (2), 633–640. doi:10.3233/JAD-190587.
Maitre, Y., Mahalli, R., Micheneau, P., Delpierre, A., Amador, G. & Denis, F. (2021) Evidence and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18 (21), 11157. doi:10.3390/ijerph182111157.
Comentarios