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The scalp microbiome plays a crucial yet often overlooked role in the development and treatment of alopecia. Studies have shed light on how rebalancing these microbes can significantly enhance the efficacy of treatments for hair loss, offering new hope for patients.
What We Know:
Cutibacterium spp. and Staphylococcus spp. constitute about 90% of healthy scalp microbiomes, with Corynebacterium spp., Streptococcus spp., Acinetobacter spp. and Prevotella spp. making up the remaining 10% (Jo et al., 2022).
Alopecia patients’ scalp microbiomes exhibit increased C. acnes, Stenotrophomonas geniculata, Wallemia and Eurotium, as well as reduced Malassezia, when compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, it is likely that an imbalance in scalp microbiota may contribute to alopecia (Zhang et al., 2024).
Industry Impact and Potential:
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has proven effective in treating alopecia, but its impact on the scalp microbiome was previously unexplored. A recent study revealed that PRP treatment rebalances the scalp microbiome, specifically increasing Cutibacterium levels while decreasing Staphylococcus and Lawsonella levels (Zhang et al., 2024).
Cutibacterium plays a vital role in maintaining skin homeostasis and is crucial for lipid regulation, follicular niche competition, immune regulation and mitigating oxidative stress. Furthermore, the balance between Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus is important for regulating immune response. Reduction in Lawsonella suggests decreased scalp sebum production following treatment. This is relevant to alopecia treatment, as imbalances in sebum production can exacerbate hair loss by contributing to inflammation and follicle damage (Zhang et al., 2024).
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Limosilactobacillus fermentum LM1020 and its heat-treated version HT-LM1020, can help promote hair growth on human scalp tissue and dermal papilla cells. These bacteria work with other ingredients to fight hair loss by boosting cell growth and regulating the expression of proteins important for cell division (Bae et al., 2024).
AMOREPACIFIC patented a composition that uses extracellular follicles derived from LAB to prevent hair loss, stimulate hair growth and support overall hair health. These extracellular follicles (cellular components or secretions released by the bacteria) represent a promising advancement in alopecia treatment, offering potential benefits for both hair and scalp health.
Our Solution:
With a database of over 20,000 microbiome samples and 4,000 ingredients, and a global network of more than 10,000 testing participants, Sequential offers comprehensive services to evaluate product impacts and formulations. Our customisable microbiome studies provide real-life context testing, and our formulation support ensures products maintain biome integrity, making us the ideal partner for your product development and efficacy needs.
References:
Bae, W.-Y., Jung, W.-H., Shin, S.L., Kim, T.-R., Sohn, M., Suk, J., Jung, I., Lee, Y.I. & Lee, J.H. (2024) Heat-treated Limosilactobacillus fermentum LM1020 with menthol, salicylic acid, and panthenol promotes hair growth and regulates hair scalp microbiome balance in androgenetic alopecia: A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. n/a (n/a). doi:10.1111/jocd.16357.
Jo, H., Kim, S.Y., Kang, B.H., Baek, C., Kwon, J.E., Jeang, J.W., Heo, Y.M., Kim, H.-B., Heo, C.Y., Kang, S.M., Shin, B.H., Nam, D.Y., Lee, Y.-G., Kang, S.C. & Lee, D.-G. (2022) Staphylococcus epidermidis Cicaria, a Novel Strain Derived from the Human Microbiome, and Its Efficacy as a Treatment for Hair Loss. Molecules. 27 (16). doi:10.3390/molecules27165136.
Zhang, Q., Wang, Y., Ran, C., Zhou, Y., Zhao, Z., Xu, T., Hou, H. & Lu, Y. (2024) Characterization of distinct microbiota associated with androgenetic alopecia patients treated and untreated with platelet‐rich plasma (PRP). Animal Models and Experimental Medicine. 7 (2), 106–113. doi:10.1002/ame2.12414.
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